Intended for the CuAAC reaction with proteins, protein labeling buffer protects biomolecules from being damaged by reactive
oxygen species. This reaction can be used for proteins with alkyne or azide groups, as well as cells
or components of cell lysates metabolically labeled with azide groups.
Azide is conjugated
to terminal alkyne, resulting in a five-membered heterocycle (1,2,3-triazole). Both groups (azide and
alkyne) are extremely rarely found in natural biomolecules, so the reaction is highly specific and
effective to handle various tasks.
The reaction proceeds in the
presence of copper (I) compounds and almost does not depend on pH. Optimized for operations with proteins,
protein labeling buffer contains a salt of copper (II) (a stable precursor of catalytically-active
copper (I) compounds), triethylammonium acetate pH 6.8, water-soluble THPTA ligand, and aminoguanidine. It is recommended
to use a freshly prepared solution of ascorbic
acid to reduce copper (II). THPTA ligand in protein labeling buffer speeds up the reaction by stabilizing
catalytically-active compounds of copper (I). The presence of THPTA ligand also allows protein labeling in water
medium (without organic solvents) and, owing to stabilization of copper (I) oxidation degree, minimizes
production of reactive oxygen species (RAS) and prevents them from damaging proteins by oxidizing
histidine, methionine and cysteine. Aminoguanidine in protein labeling buffer prevents chemically reactive
aldehydes (dehydroascorbate hydrolysis products) from binding to side chains of arginine, N-terminal
cysteine, and lysine.
For this reaction, you will need alkyne- or azide-modified protein in azide
sodium-free buffer, dye azide or alkyne, 1.5х protein labeling buffer, and ascorbic acid. It is recommended to perform
steps 6 to 9 under an inert gas (nitrogen or argon).
We recommend the
following protocol for conjugation of modified proteins with dye derivatives:
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BDP FL is a bright and photostable borondipyrromethene dye for the fluorescein channel. This is a dye azide for сlick сhemistry.
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Borondipyrromethene dye with azido group. Spectral properties are similar to TAMRA dye. Due to long fluorescence lifetime, BDP TMR is especially useful for fluorescence polarization measurements.
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BDP TR is a fluorophore for ROX channel. This borondipyrromethene dye is very bright, and resistant to oxidation.
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BDP TR is a red-emitting fluorophore for the ROX channel. This is an azide for copper-catalyzed and copper-free сlick chemistry conjugation.
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Biotin alkyne is a reagent for click chemistry labeling with biotin, an affinity probe to streptavidin.
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Biotin alkyne is a reagent for click chemistry labeling with biotin, an affinity probe to streptavidin.
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Ready-to-use catalytic buffer containing сopper(II) and water-soluble THPTA ligand. It is suitable for click chemistry modification of proteins.
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Cyanine3.5 azide for biomolecule labeling through click chemistry.
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Cyanine3 alkyne is a fluorescent dye alkyne for сlick сhemistry.
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